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Siena, a model in Europe: how it has been carbon neutral for over a decade

Since 2011, the Province of Siena has achieved the ambitious goal of carbon neutrality: it not only fully offsets its own CO2 emissions, but does so ahead of other, greener cities.

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In 2011, the Province of Siena, in the heart of Tuscany, reached an exceptional milestone: it became the first large area in Europe to be certified Carbon Neutral. But what does that mean? Achieving carbon neutrality means that greenhouse gas emissions are fully offset by CO2 absorption. Put simply, the pollution caused by human activity is less than the oxygen produced by green areas, which are able to absorb everything harmful in the air.

So, since 2011, the air in the Province of Siena has been clean, but there is more: the ambitious goal of carbon neutrality was achieved well ahead of schedule, considering that the European Union’s target for reaching carbon neutrality is set for 2050!

But how did it get to this point?

There are two key elements behind this success: first, the Province’s economic development has been based on environmental quality; second, a policy has been implemented to make the most of the area’s rich forest heritage, which plays a crucial role in absorbing CO2 emissions. Siena’s woods are not only a symbol of natural beauty, but also an important resource for environmental sustainability, as they help to offset emissions and to preserve the soil and biodiversity. This natural capital has been enhanced through sustainable management practices, which include reforestation, the protection of wooded areas and the promotion of ecological farming practices, ensuring the health of ecosystems and their capacity for absorption.

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The Carbon Neutrality Territorial Alliance

However, achieving carbon neutrality is not enough; it must be maintained through continuous measurement and monitoring. With this in mind, and also to strengthen the policies in place since the early 2000s and the collaboration between institutions and communities, the Carbon Neutrality Territorial Alliance was established in 2017.

The initiative, which involves a broad range of local players, including the Tuscany Region, the Provincial Administration, the University of Siena and the Fondazione Monte dei Paschi, invites residents to assess their own environmental impact and to commit to more sustainable behaviour. Businesses, for their part, can join the project and promote their activities through the Siena Carbon Neutral label, a recognition that attests to their commitment to the environment. This inclusive approach not only encourages participation, but creates a cohesive and aware community, ready to support a transition towards a greener future.

The project, moreover, arose from the awareness that environmental sustainability cannot be achieved by a single sector or institution, but requires the collaboration and commitment of everyone in society. In this context, the University of Siena has played a crucial role, developing innovative methodologies for measuring greenhouse gas emissions and for the sustainable management of resources.

ConversAzioni: dialogue and participation

Another important tool of the Alliance is ‘ConversAzioni’, an external communication programme that aims to raise awareness among and involve the whole community in promoting sustainability and carbon neutrality, through events, open dialogues and public meetings. Now in its fourth edition, this project is a forum for sharing ideas, experiences and initiatives, helping to keep attention on environmental issues and showing how communication and education are essential to building a more aware society that is active in the fight against climate change.

The future of carbon neutrality in Siena

Looking to the future, the Province of Siena is not content to maintain the status quo. Ongoing initiatives aim to improve energy efficiency further, to promote the use of renewable energy and to support green economy and circular economy projects. This constant commitment shows that carbon neutrality is not a destination, but an ongoing journey, in which every step forward is a significant contribution to improving the quality of life of citizens and to the fight against climate change.

The Siena Carbon Neutrality Territorial Alliance is therefore a concrete example of how a community can join forces to achieve ambitious goals in environmental sustainability. The path taken by the Province of Siena is, moreover, a call to action for other regions, provinces and cities, so that they follow its example and adopt concrete measures to achieve the carbon neutrality required of us by the European Union.

Ultimately, carbon neutrality is not only an achievable goal, but also a necessity to guarantee a green future for the next generations.

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